Energy Management Strategy for Hybrid Energy Storage Electric Vehicles Based on Pontryagin’s Minimum Principle Considering Battery Degradation

The development of energy management strategy (EMS), which considers how power is distributed between the battery and ultracapacitor, can reduce electric vehicle’s consumption slow down degradation. Therefore, purpose this paper to develop an EMS for hybrid storage vehicles based on Pontryagin’s minimums principle (PMP) considering To verify EMS, vehicle model first established. In meantime, cycle life trials are finished in order a degradation model. Following that, rule-based control approach PMP optimization algorithm used allocate system (HESS) reasonable manner. Finally, simulation experiment under urban dynamometer driving schedule (UDDS) settings verifies established findings reveal that suggested has lower rate deterioration than method.